Learning to Give, Curriculum Division of The LEAGUE

The LEAGUE

Tug of Roles or Who is the Bigger Philanthropist?
Lesson 2:
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Academic Standards
Philanthropy Framework

Purpose:

This lesson will emphasize how business and government define philanthropy within their organizations. This will explain the effects on citizens.

Duration:

Two Forty-Five Minute Class Periods

Objectives:

The learner will

  • describe the types of philanthropy in business and government.
  • give examples of how the philanthropy of businesses and government enhance citizens.

Materials:

  • Sample Letter to Invite Speakers( Attachment One)
  • Sample Thank You Letter to Speakers (Attachment Two)
  • Notes on Business/Government Philanthropy Speaker (Attachment Four)
  • Excerpt from A City Where Business and Philanthropy Flourish (Attachment Three)
  • Chinese jump rope
  • Chart paper / markers
  • Regular jump rope
  • Articles from periodicals, newspapers, or magazines (see Attachment Three for sample of type you will need to secure)
  • Word Cards attached to string (Business, Government, Philanthropy)
Handout 1
Sample Letter to Invite Speakers
Handout 2
Sample Thank You Letter to Speakers
Handout 3
Excerpt from A City Where Business and Philanthropy Flourish
Handout 4
Notes on Business/Government Philanthropy Speaker

Instructional Procedure(s):

Anticipatory Set:
Ask: What is tug of war? Are there any rules that need to be obeyed? How is a winner determined?

Teacher note: Secure two or three speakers at least five weeks prior to teaching this lesson. Business speakers may include an automotive company community outreach representative, a local pharmacy, a McDonald's manager, etc. Government sources could include representatives from city government, the postal service, etc. Sample Letter to Invite Speakers (see Attachment One) and Sample Thank You Letter to Speakers (see Attachment Two) have been included for your use. About one week before this lesson is started, contact your speaker to confirm the appointment. Solicit two or three student volunteers to make a certificate of appreciation for each speaker.


Day One

  • Give the word cards entitled business and government to two students. Ask the students to hang the card around their neck, then take sides opposite one another. Take out the jump rope with a loop tied at each end. Only one finger can be used through the loop. Allow 20 seconds for a tug of war game. Explain to the students that this is like the competition for their resources, their time, talents, and treasure. Businesses claim resources through the market place, government through taxes and fees.

  • Now play a variation of the game tug of war. Pass out the card labeled philanthropy to another student. Ask what it means. Define it as "the giving of time, talent and treasure for the common good." Arrange the three students so that they are standing in three areas to resemble a triangle. Replace the jump rope with the Chinese jump rope (this can be a piece of rope with the ends tied together). Explain that during this game, only one finger can be used to grip the rope. Allow 20 seconds. Ask the students to explain what they noticed happened when the third person was added to the game. What could have been done? Record responses.

  • Put the words self interest, compromise, negotiation, and competition on the board. Working in groups of three or four, ask students to define each term. Solicit definitions and write the clearest definition of each on the board.

  • Explain that in society there are many forms of competition that occur when people want something that promotes their own interests. Philanthropy is the giving of one's time, talent, or treasure. In business and government, there is competition for each of these.

  • Ask:
    • How do we satisfy each and keep everything equal?
    • Who should receive most of the time, talent, or treasure?
    • Should one group receive more than the other should? Why or why not?

  • Give the students chart paper and markers for groups to record their responses to the questions. Allow ten minutes for students to discuss these questions in their groups. Discuss as a whole group the responses of how students have decided how to give of their treasures. Students should explain that each group is able to access our time, talents and treasures equally but for different purposes and actions.

Day Two

  • Distribute Notes on Business/Government Philanthropy Speaker (see Attachment Four) to students prior to the speaker(s) coming to the classroom. Tell students that the form(s) should be turned in at the end of the presentation(s).

  • Allow each speaker 15 minutes to make a presentation. Encourage students to ask questions after each speaker to further understanding.

  • After the speakers have finished, or the next day, have students discuss what was learned from the speakers. Is philanthropy only in the best interests of the companies/agencies or is it also in the best interests of the consumers/citizens? Why do these companies/agencies make philanthropy a part of their business?

Note: If you are unable to secure speakers, provide copies of Excerpt from A City Where Business and Philanthropy Flourish (see Attachment Three) and access to the Internet for the web site http://www.peacecorps.gov/kids on the Peace Corps so that students are able to discover how business/government is involved in philanthropy. Students are to fill in Notes on Business/Government Philanthropy Speaker (see Attachment Four) as well if this alternative is used.

Assessment:

  • Have students write a letter thanking the speakers for coming to share What Philanthropy Means in their company or agency. To serve as an assessment, the letter should include examples of the company/agency's efforts to promote philanthropy and good citizenship.
  • Write an essay that explains how businesses and government can work together in a philanthropic endeavor and how it affects individuals.

School/Home Connection:

  • Prior to the visitation, students are to research the business/governmental agency for information about their philanthropic activities. Prepare a list of questions to ask the speakers.

Bibliographical References:

  • http://www.peacecorps.gov/kids
    Provides information for students on governmental philanthropy
  • Barone, Michael. "A City Where Business and Philanthropy Flourish," The American Enterprise, September/October, 1998.

Lesson Developed and Piloted by:

Ramona Purdy
Detroit Public Schools
Van Zile Elementary School
Detroit, MI 48234

Handouts:

Handout 1Print Handout 1

Sample Letter to Invite Speakers

(Use School)

Your School Address
Your City, State and Zip Code
Date of Letter

Name of Person If Known or Public Relations Department
Business or Governmental Agency
Business or Governmental Address
City, State and Zip Code

Dear Sir (or name of individual if known):

I am teaching a class of (enter grade level) graders about philanthropy. The unit is entitled Philanthropy…The Big Picture. I would like to invite you or a member of your team to be a guest speaker on (enter day, date, and time). You will be given 15 minutes to talk to the students about "What Philanthropy Means to Your Company/Agency". There will be a question and answer session at the end of your presentation.

We will need examples of how your company/agency is involved in philanthropy. If you have any reports or literature that will be helpful to the students to understand your company/agency prior to the day of your visit, we would appreciate it. I have (provide the number) students who will be part of this lesson.

If you have any questions or comments regarding this letter, please contact me at (include school telephone number, days and hours that you can be reached).

Sincerely yours,

Your Name
School District
School Name
City and State

Handout 2Print Handout 2

Sample Thank You Letter to Speakers

(Use School Letterhead)

Your School Address
Your City, State and Zip Code
Date of Letter

Name of Person
Business or Governmental Agency
Business or Governmental Address
City, State and Zip Code

Dear (Mr./Ms. Name of Individual):

Thank you for visiting my classroom on (enter day, date, and time) to assist in the teaching of the unit entitled Philanthropy…The Big Picture. Your presentation helped explain why, and how your company/agency is involved in philanthropy.

The literature that we received in preparation for your visit was instrumental in helping the students understand your company/agency. I have enclosed letters composed by the students to convey their thoughts and about the work of your company/agency.

Again, I thank you for taking time out of your schedule to share "What Philanthropy Means to You."

Sincerely yours,

Your Name
School District
School Name
City and State

Handout 3Print Handout 3

Excerpt from A City Where Business and Philanthropy Flourish

By Michael Barone

Looking for a city with a tradition of community involvement, creative local philanthropy,vibrant cultural institutions old and new? Try Grand Rapids. Civil society is alive and well here.

It is the headquarters of Meijer, whose 100-plus Thrifty Acres stores combine supermarkets with general merchandise stores. Grand Rapids is the headquarters of Universal Wood Products, the nation's largest fence producer. It is the home of Gordon Foods and Bissell carpet sweepers. It has one large General Motors plant and dozens of auto suppliers. Ada, a village six miles east, is the home of Amway, privately owned by the Van Andel and DeVos families, founded in a garage in 1959, now selling over $7 billion of home care, housewares, and cosmetic products in 52 countries, most of them manufactured in Grand Rapids' Kent County. Most of Grand Rapids' successful companies are small: 80 percent of businesses employ fewer than 30 people, according to John Caneppa, former chairman of Grand Rapids' Old Kent Bank. Firms that have grown bigger have done so through creative innovation and good employee relations. Local office furniture manufacturers pioneered modular units and electronic connectors. Amway took an old idea-direct sales-and made it work on a scale never seen before. Fred Meijer, to make shopping more pleasant for parents with kids, installed mechanical ponies in his stores which cost one cent per ride and personally hands out "Purple Cow" cards for free ice cream cones.

Nor is there an adversarial relationship between business and government. "The best thinggovernment can do is to get out of the way," says Grand Rapids City Manager Kurt Kimball, "to try to create an environment that enables the private sector to achieve its ends. Prosperity for business means prosperity for residents. Then we'll have the resources for quality of life." Says GR magazine editor Carol Valade, "There is a very low tolerance for government here-the attitude is, I will do it myself. And there is a tremendous respect for the arts of the entrepreneur. It spills over into government. The city removed 98 percent of its effluents from its sewers, without federal funds-the only city in Michigan to do so."

Successful small businesses and small businesses that have grown large but have stayed headquartered here have helped build Grand Rapids' cultural institutions. Even the banks have remained local. Old Kent is still based in Grand Rapids, though it has spread outward; First Union sold out to Detroit-based NBD, but David Frey, whose grandfather founded the bank, has kept the Frey Foundation here, and 85 percent of its grants are in western Michigan. "Giving money intelligently is hard work," Frey says. "A lot of due diligence is required. But there's the prospect of great satisfaction."

Anyone walking through downtown Grand Rapids can see some of the reasons for that satisfaction. Twenty-five years ago, downtown Grand Rapids looked dumpy, with aging and often empty commercial buildings, and a grubby convention center. Then Grand Rapids' business leaders decided to make it something special. "Always the private sector has taken the lead," says Frey, "and people are willing to put corporate money into projects." Phase one, in the mid-1970s, included a new Old Kent building and Vandenberg Center, which replaced abandoned warehouses. Phase two included the Amway Plaza Hotel and the Gerald Ford Museum. Phase three includes the recently opened Van Andel Arena for Grand Rapids' minor league hockey and basketball, a new convention center, and a downtown campus for Grand Valley State College.The secret is leadership and commitment. "We have people who give time and effort and support. They sit at the same table," says Pete Secchia, head of Universal Products, and also a leader of Michigan's Republican Party who served as Ambassador to Italy under Bush. "When we promise something," says Fred Meijer, sitting around a table with other Grand Rapids business leaders, "we don't do it lightly. Not one of us has ever reneged on a promise." If there are problems, someone jumps in and solves them." The Amway Plaza would be torn down or destitute if Amway hadn't picked it up," Meijer adds.

With no major university or medical school, Grand Rapids has missed out on the boom inbiomedicine. But that's likely to change with the building of a Van Andel Institute for nutrition research at Grand Rapids'Butterworth Hospital. Steve Van Andel, who has succeeded his father Jay as co-head of Amway, describes the process. "We watched our fathers build the firm. The second generation got even more involved with the community. The building decision was also made by the second generation of the Van Andel and DeVos families. My dad and family have been discussing it for years. We decided to do something. Dad was always interested in nutrition, so we decided to build an institute that would work on nutrition research and education."He is thinking big. Peter Cook, who owns several big car dealerships and is on the board, says that it has five Nobel Prize winners as advisers and will have 200 to 300 doctors and scientists in a $30 million building.

Grand Rapids' philanthropists are buttressed not by the liberalism of so many national foundations but by traditional virtues. It's an early-to-bed-early-to-rise town, where people eat at home with their families. "Everyone is doing well but restaurants," says Secchia, "but the breakfast joints are filled at 6:30 in the morning." The churches are busy on Sundays, filled with people from all economic levels; the billionaire Van Andels and DeVoses pray at a modest Reform church not far from downtown. Or as Peter Cook puts it, "A lot of our people have done more than their share in giving. We grew up in a Christian home and tithed, and after that you gave more. We give 30 to 40 percent of our income. That type of thing is very influential. This is a good place to work and live."

Entrepreneurial and religious impulses also inform Grand Rapids' programs to help the poor. Gene Pratt, now retired, tells of raising $1 million in less than two hours to renovate his community center, and how a kids'gardening project produced City Kids Barbecue sauce, got it stocked in Meijer's and other local supermarkets, and got 5 percent of the market. Verne Barry, head of the Downtown Development Agency, came to Grand Rapids in 1985 after living homeless in New York. With ministries and social service agencies he founded Faith Inc., which won competitive contracts with 25 local manufacturers. Hiring people from close-in neighborhoods, his group got commitments for 10 percent of the jobs on projects like the Van Andel Arena. He claims that more than 50 percent of those with little work experience are now in permanent employment.

Grand Rapids has low crime, low unemployment, and scandal-free local government. But statistics tell only part of the story. For Grand Rapids' leaders have put the imprint of their own personalities on the civic institutions they've built. The Grand Rapids Museum hosted an exhibit of the artist Perugino in 1997-1998; Secchia helped set it up using his Italian contacts and the fact that Perugia is a sister city. Fred Meijer took over a 20-acre parcel of industrial property and built the Frederik Meijer Gardens, one of the nation's largest conservatories. Amid the plants and the gardens outside he placed 70 bronze sculptures he has collected over the years. You can see him there some days, smiling and enjoying himself as he leads kids around, explaining the plants and sculptures, and handing out Purple Cow cards for free ice cream cones-the spirit of Grand Rapids in person.

Michael Barone
The American Enterprise, September/October 1998

Handout 4Print Handout 4

Notes on Business/Government Philanthropy Speaker

Name of Speaker ______________________________________________________

Business/Governmental Agency Name ____________________________________

Type of Business/Service Provided ____________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

Type of Philanthropy or Community Involvement ________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

What I Learned _______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

What I Would Like to Know ____________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

What I Found to Be Interesting _______________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________

Philanthropy Framework:

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Unit Contents:

Overview:Philanthropy—The Big Picture Summary

Lessons:

1.
It Looks Like Philanthropy
2.
Tug of Roles or Who is the Bigger Philanthropist?
3.
Dividing the Philanthropic Shares
4.
Getting Involved—Increase the Feeling

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