Discusses the concept of "Reflection" as a vital component to Academic Service-Learning. As a result of reflection, students form conscious links between self, school and community and explore the value that comes from civic engagement.

Explores the concept of action motivated by regard for others.

Annual giving as a recurring, organized effort to raise funds for a not-for-profit organization and the myriad of fundraising techniques and special events that typically contribute to meet a nonprofit organization's current operating expenses.

Without biodiversity food, medications, industry, habitats, and ecosystems will falter. Biodiversity is what underlies many important ecological goods and services that provide benefits to humans, and it helps scientists understand how life functions and the role of each species in sustaining ecosystems.

The main goal of BOS is to protect orangutans, an endangered species, and the natural habitat they live in. The organization also focuses on reintroduction of orangutans into the wild.

Traces charity back to the 4th Century roots of "agape," translating love for mankind to a concern for their welfare.

As children become older, their ideas of philanthropy expand and their acts of helping and sharing increase with their new understanding of volunteerism and basic financial concepts

Comprised of actions and attitudes associated with democratic governance and social participation, civic responsibility can include participation in government, church, volunteers and memberships of voluntary associations. The importance of civic responsibility is paramount to the success of democracy and philanthropy. By engaging in civic responsibility, citizens ensure and uphold certain democratic values written in the founding documents.

Examines the definition of civic virtue as morality or a standard of righteous behavior in relationship to a citizen's involvement in society. Civic virtue helps people understand their ties to the community and their responsibilities within it. In many ways, an educated citizen who possesses civic virtue is a public good.

The "common good" is at the core of any situation where two or more people form a partnership, group or country. Many organizations exist for the purpose of providing common good: defense, mass-transit, public safety, public health and many other functions. Without common good, there would be no other reason to form an association.

Community capital, frequently called "social capital," is defined as the "banked good will that helps build trust between various groups within a community." An important component of a strong civil society, community capital is built in the third sector by nonprofits and voluntary associations. Originally coined in 1916 by L.J. Hanifan, "social capital" resurfaced after the publication of Robert Putnam's successful articles and book Bowling Alone .

CIF works strategically with scientists, economists, communicators, educators and citizens to protect those areas with the richest biological resources. CIF receives financial support from private and public donors to fund its programs, and in turn awards grants to other partners implementing work supporting biodiversity preservation.

Measuring the benefits nonprofit corporations and for profit corporations gain through corporate philanthropy and cause-related marketing campaigns has become a topic of importance in an increasingly competitive marketplace. Although corporations are not required by law to be philanthropic citizens, philanthropy has become part of their every day business practices. Corporate philanthropy can result in loyal customers, employees and shareholders.

Through out his life, Vine Deloria Jr. strove to make a difference in the lives of the American Indian people. As an activist, advocate, author, and professor, he was able to promote valuable changes in people's lives and perceptions.

Whereas altruism asserts that human beings should act in ways that help others, Egoism is a theory, in ethics, that human beings act or should act in their own interests and desires. Modern psychologist have been challenged to reconcile the two seemingly mutually exclusive theories expanding sphere of investments in others.

Each energy crisis this country faces focuses attention on energy consumption, the shortfall in supply vs. the increase in demand, and the need to explore alternative energy sources to meet escalating demand. Nonprofits play an increasingly large role in providing solutions to these challenging questions.

A social movement or an ideology focused on the welfare of the environment, environmentalism seeks to protect and conserve the elements of earth's ecosystem. Environmentalism works to correct the damage as well as prevent future destruction, spawning numerous environmental groups in America and around the world. Even with the combinations of legislation and improved corporate behavior, nonprofit organizations still play a significant role in achieving environmental goals.

Covers both the origin and basis for concern about religious freedom and its strong ties to the Constitution's First Amendment.

The First Amendment and freedom of speech are important to the nonprofit sector because they allow groups to organize, operate and speak freely as well as represent the needs of minority or disenfranchised populations which may not be met by the business or government sectors.

The Hispanic community has had a long-standing tradition of giving, which is generally done through organizations or causes that are close to the hearts of the individuals. Informal giving has been a strong value of the Latin American community for more than 500 years.

Earth Day was created in response to the continuing destruction of our planet and the recognition that action needed to take place to preserve that which exists now.

Today, citizenship requires that people be knowledgeable about public issues and possess the capacity to work toward solution by acting together. History records voluntary actions by private citizens working together to right injustices, change directions and pursue benefits for the common good. This list includes the abolition of slavery, women's suffrage, the civil rights movement. In every case, people voluntarily came together with a shared sense of purpose for the common good and with the i

The Hebrew word for charity; giving aid, assistance and money to the poor and needy, or to worthwhile causes. It is the responsibility to give a portion of one's personal substance for the common good. But it is more than giving money to the poor; done properly, tzedakah requires the donor share his or her compassion and empathy along with the money. Judaism teaches the belief that donors benefit from tzedakah as much or more than the recipients.

Remembering the philosophies and actions of political and philanthropic leaders from history inspires us to continue and strengthen our philanthropic values. In the 1800s, Americans struggled with such concepts as the philanthropic duty as Americans and as human beings and the division of church and state. Later in that century, wealthy benefactors set up some of the nation's first grantmaking philanthropies. In the 1900s, tax reform made it easier to deduct funds for charitable purposes, furthe

Latino volunteerism plays a fundamental role in Latino philanthropy. Although charitable giving is also an indispensable aspect of the Hispanic nonprofit sector, it appears that volunteering very often goes hand in hand with giving.

The importance of both Russell Means and Leonard Peltier lies in the extent to which their efforts and actions have raised of the awareness of the American public to the harsh conditions faced by Native Americans on many reservations.

Native American tribes have a long and fascinating history of self-sufficiency and community support for their members. The giving-and-receiving reciprocity in the Native American communities has been informal, ceremonial and ritualistic. Its sole purpose has remained as a way of "helping out" in hard times. All gaming tribes are giving entities and contribute funds to charitable causes or to needy communities.

Stewardship of natural resources is an important topic for both organizations and individuals. The scarcity of these resources, especially those that are non-renewable, has fueled centuries of debate over how governments and private citizens use, manage, and steward earth's natural resources. By managing resource usage ethically and responsibly, good stewards of natural resources ensure the health and beauty of the environment for future generations.

Nobility obligates historically meant that nobility had obligations to give. In modern society, it means each person sharing his/her special talents or gifts.

Whereas government imposes regulations, sets budgets, and creates policies that can restrict the activities of nonprofits and hold them accountable to the public, the ongoing development of nonprofits, and the changing nature of their relationship with government, has given rise to more nonprofits playing an active role in holding government accountable, influencing the direction of public policy, and ultimately protecting the nonprofit sector itself. This paper discusses ways that government st

Formed for the purpose of serving a public or mutual benefit rather than the pursuit or accumulation of owner or investor profit, over 2.1 billion nonprofit organizations are registered with the IRS with combined revenues of approximately $632.4 billion. An estimated 10.2 million people are employed in what has been variously called the third sector, independent sector, voluntary sector, philanthropic sector, social sector, tax-exempt sector, or the charitable sector.

American patriotism permeates the nation, expanding to interests worldwide and desiring to see others live as we live, enjoying the same rights. It includes the show of affection, such as reaching out to embrace others in times of need.

Philanthropy is a critical part of a democratic society. It is different than charity, which focuses on elimination the suffering cause by social problems, while philanthropy focuses on the elimination social problems. It supports projects and endeavors from which we all benefit, such as libraries, museums and scientific research; and it also supports efforts that may be too unpopular or controversial to gain the widespread support of the general public or the government.

The Bill of Rights established a relationship between the federal government and its people. It is a set of standards against which other legislation is judged. The Bill of Rights was created to protect, promote plurality, autonomy and the freedom of choice much like the philanthropic sector allows citizens to exercise individual initiative and support democratic ideals; a backbone of our society.

The Constitution's philanthropic ties are summarized in its preamble, declaring the establishment of justice, the promotion of general welfare, and the securing of liberty.

Citing the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, this paper examines the outpouring of financial and human resources from across the United States and the world in response to the tragedy. Motivated by love, compassion and patriotism, these acts demonstrated some of the most generous acts of philanthropy this country has witnessed. The importance, impact and relationship of philanthropy to a major disaster is discussed.

Program evaluation is defined as efficiency, effectiveness, and accountability of a department, program or agency. The purpose is to determine whether the program is efficient in terms of using resources wisely to perform the needed. Many foundations are now requiring those grant seekers to have a program evaluation process in place, and stipulations may state that programs not meeting their goals are unable to receive additional funds. Programs not meeting their goals may be viewed as inefficie

A public good is a good, often provided by a nonprofit organization, where one person's use does not reduce the amount available for others and where no one can be excluded from its use (for example, clean air and public parks). Neither markets nor government have incentive to provide an efficient amount of a public good because of free riders (people who do not pay but are able to consume the good).

Philanthropy goes beyond merely relieving need""�it attempts to address the causes of that need. Many far-reaching social changes occurred as a result of the Industrialhttp://learningtogive.org/papers/maint/edit_paper.asp?mode=edit&bpid=54 Revolution. Factory work was boring with insecure jobs demanding long hours at low pay, usually with very dangerous working conditions. Child labor was common. Urbanization often brought crowded and unhealthy living conditions. The needs of widows and orphans grew as the traditional support network of family and community became le

A nonprofit's board of trustees is responsible for overseeing the operation of the organization and assuring the organization's conformance with the law. The board ensures that its organization upholds the interests of the public--the foundation on which the nonprofit sector is built. This paper covers the "Ten Basic Responsibilities of Nonprofit Boards" and lists a board's routine governance activities within an organization.

The right to petition grants people not only the freedom to stand up and speak out against injustices they feel are occurring, but also grants the power to help change those injustices. The nonprofit community plays an active role by providing an organized medium to join citizens together in support of causes or in petition of practices that violate their cause.

Serial reciprocity is a series of sequential exchanges between parties. This set of exchanges is unique because they do not occur between two people in a closed quid pro quo arrangement. Instead, serial reciprocity is when people repay the benefits they have received - for example, from a parent, friend, mentor, anonymous stranger, or a previous generation - by providing benefits to a third party, someone other than their benefactor.

The arts is one of many ways to facilitate service learning. Once school created clay bowls for serving soup. The bowls were then auction off and the proceeds were given to a hunger-related charity.

There are several models that facilitate strong service learning, but each should incorporate the practice of celebration, reflection and recognition.

Social contract theory set foundation concepts that became the underpinnings of democratic government. The theory influenced the implementation of democratic government in many countries and had particular influence on the framers of the U.S. Constitution.

A social movement consists of a number of people organized and coordinated to achieve some task or a collection of goals, often the participants are interested in bringing about social change. Throughout the history of the United States, social movements have been a staple in the maturation of the country. Philanthropic acts of financial giving, voluntary action, and association between individuals have been the basis for U.S. social movements from abolition to women's rights to the Civil Rights

An abiding perspective on the mutuality of life in human society; a personal stance and attitude that defines an obligation to serve and take responsibility for all we have been given.

The trend of government abandoning some needed services makes the need critical for philanthropy. Often, government action is based on the assumption the nonprofit sector will fill the remaining void. In filling this void and funding these services, nonprofits become more dependent on charitable giving, which is an essential part of the philanthropic sector. Tax incentives encourage the type of behavior required to create this effective philanthropy.

A jewish concept defined by acts of kindness performed to perfect or repair the world. The phrase is found in the Mishnah, a body of classical rabbinic teachings. It is often used when discussing issues of social policy, insuring a safeguard to those who may be at a disadvantage. In modern Jewish circles, tikkun olam has become synonymous with the notion of social action and the pursuit of social justice.

Trustees are those Individuals who volunteer to assume the legal obligations of managing an organization or institution that operates in the public trust. Knowledgeable and influential people, trustees come together to ensure that an organization is run efficiently, ethically, and true to its mission. Trusteeship is important because boards of trustees 1) allow for individual and group participation in creating the common good. 2) act as filters in determining which issues are important, and, 3)

The group started to involve women as fuller participants in university life and to answer several questions posed by development officers at UCLA, such as gender differences in major donors and motivations of women to give philanthropically, among others. Years later, statistics show that women are achieving more success in the workplace, becoming more aware of social issues and becoming more involved financially in philanthropy.

Women have had to find alternative means of exerting influence over societal structure and conventional beliefs because they have not been entitled to equal rights, opportunities or treatment compared to their male counterparts. Yet, the nonprofit sector has proven to be an effective vehicle for women in providing them with a relative seat of power. Largely through the establishment of nonprofit organizations, women have gained valuable experience in the workings of politics, law, governance, finance, and diplomacy